We Are All Cousins

I wrote the words below in 1966 while on deployment with the Royal Canadian Air Force at the Italian Air Base at Decimomannu, Sardinia, when I was flying CF-104 Starfighters during the Cold War. It was dedicated later to one of my air force buddys, Jack Murdoch.

Little did I know then that I would develop an interest in the science of genetics and DNA that might tend to complement the sense of reincarnation that the poem implies.

Bill Arthurs

In Memorium John Herbert Murdoch
1931-2001

Costa del Sol

by William R. Arthurs

I see my multi-image stretching to the sun;
The trace of footsteps seaward whence I come.
Again I stand here, restless on your shore;
To muse for fitful hours as before.
For I am Visigoth and Moor. I am ancient Greek,
And troubadour.

Millennia ago I shuffled down this sheltered bay.
Each thousand years, each transcendent day,
Your enchantment beckons. I obey.

The drums that beat the multitude to war
I hear them not: for me they pulse no more.

It’s now your solace, your solitude I crave;
And there’s some silence midst your crashing wave.

So succour us who seek the grail of youth,
Who ride the universe in search of truth.

My time is short, and I am tied to time;
So little left to live, and love, and rhyme,

To clasp the coy Astarte by the hand,
To write te quiero on your wrinkled sand.

_______________________________________________________________________

“If you look deeply into the palm of your hand, you will see your parents and all generations of your ancestors. All of them are alive in this moment. Each is present in your body. You are the continuation of each of these people.” Thich Nhat Hanh

As if fate wants to prove that we are all cousins, at least cousins by marriage, I recently discovered that we of the English Titus line are related to John Dewey Watson, one of the co-discovers of the structure of DNA and author of The Double Helix. He and his research partner, Francis Crick, were awarded the Nobel prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1962. Here is the way the Titus connection has worked out.

1. Robert Titus. b. 1600. m. Hannah Carter.

2. John Titus. b. 1627. m. Abigail Carpenter.

3. Abigail Titus. b. 1652, m. Thomas Cushman.

4. Samuel Cushman. b. 1687. m. Fear Corser.

5. Jacob Cushman. b. 1720. m. Elizabeth Read.

6. Rebekah Cushman. b. 1760. m. Samuel Tingley.

7. Rowena Tingley. b. 1787. m. Josiah Allen.

8. Henry K. W. Allen. b. 1818. m. Mary D. Blackinton.

9. Frances M. Allen.b. 1856. m. George E. Maxcy.

10. Harriet M. Maxcy. b. 1875. m. Alfred E. Lewis.

11. Robert V. Lewis. b. 1917. m. Edith M. Irey.

12. Elizabeth Lewis. m. James Dewey Watson.

____________________________________________________________________________________

Information on genetics and DNA testing procedures and costs can be found on the DNA Interest Group section (click on Links page) of the British Isles Family History Society Of Greater Ottawa (BIFHSGO). For further information go to: http://www.bifhsgo.ca/bifhsgo_sigs.htm

DNA testing by the Titus DNA Project conducted by Family Tree DNA has been done on descendants of all four of the sons of Robert Titus. These tests have reached the point where we can now postulate a modal set of markers for the English, Dutch and German lines. We are in a very early phase, the pioneering portion, of the Titus role in this science, and we need more volunteers to further complete the picture!

It should be stressed that the tests are for genealogical purposes only, and no medical testing or data is involved. The Y DNA chromosome is passed down from father to son, to son, etc., so only male Titus family members are eligible. If you are interested please contact me at barthurs@sympatico.ca and I would be pleased to help guide you through the process.

The following numbers provide a view of the ancestry of the English Titus line. In this case they indicate that the line belongs to the Haplogroup R1b1b2. These figures are markers derived from STR’s, or “short tandem repeats,” or mutations of the Y chromosomes which have been passed down from father to son for thousands of years. Below are the STR markers for the modal set and for those of the present-day surrogates of the four sons of Robert Titus, carried down for 400 years and over 12 generations.

Marker    Modal                     John     Edmond      Abiel      Content
b. 1627   b. 1630    b. 1641      b. 1643

393         DYS 1    13              13        13            13             13
390         DYS 2    24              24        24            13             13
19/394     DYS 3    14              14        14            14             14
391          DYS 4    11              11       12            11             11
385a        DYS 5    11              11        11            11            11
385b        DYS 6    14              14        14            14            14
426          DYS 7    12              12        12            12            12
388          DYS 8    12              12        12            12            12
439          DYS 9    11              11        11            11            11
389-1       DYS 10   13              13        13           13             13
392          DYS 11   13              13        13           13             13
389-2       DYS 12   29              29        29            29            29
458          DYS 13   16              16        16           16             16
459a         DYS 14   9                9         9             9              9
459b         DYS 15   10             10         10           10            10
455          DYS 16    11             11        11            11            11
454          DYS 17    11             11        11            11            11
447          DYS 18    25             25        25            25            25
437          DYS 19    15             15        15            15            15
448          DYS 20    19             19        19            19            19
449          DYS 21    30             30        30            30            31
464a        DYS 22    15             15         15           15            15
464b         DYS 23   16             16         16           16            16
464c         DYS 24    17             17        17           17            17
464d         DYS 25    17            17         17           17            17
460           DYS 26    12            12         12           11            11
GATA-H4  DYS 27    11            11         11           11            11
YCA IIa    DYS 28    19            19         19           19            19
YCA IIb    DYS 29    19            19         19           19            19
456           DYS 30    16            16         16           16            15
607           DYS 31    15            15         15           15            15
576           DYS 32    17            17         17           17            17
570           DYS 33    17            17         17           16            17
CDYa        DYS 34    34            34         34           34            33
CDYb        DYS 35    37            39         37           37            38
442            DYS 36    11           11         11           11            11
438            DYS 37    13           13         13           13            13
531            DYS 38    13                       13           13            13
578            DYS 39     9                        9             9             9
395S1a       DYS 40    15                       15           15            15
395S1b       DYS 41    16                       16           16            16
590            DYS 42     8                         8            8              8
537            DYS 43     11                      11           11            11
641            DYS 44     10                      10           10            10
472            DYS 45      8                        8            8              8
406S1         DYS 46     10                      10           10            10
511            DYS 47      10                      10          10            10
425            DYS 48      12                      12          12            12
413a           DYS 49     24                       24          24           24
413b           DYS 50     24                       24          24           24
557             DYS 51     16                       16          16           16
594             DYS 52     10                       10          10           10
436             DYS 53     12                       12          12           12
490             DYS 54     12                       12          12           12
534             DYS 55     14                       14          14           14
450             DYS 56     8                         8            8             8
444             DYS 57     12                       12          12           12
481             DYS 58     23                       23          23           23
520             DYS 59     20                       20          20           20
446             DYS 60     12                       12          12           12
617             DYS 61     12                       12          12           12
568             DYS 62     11                       11          11           11
487             DYS 63     13                       13          13           13
572             DYS 64     11                       11          11           11
640             DYS 65     11                       11          11           11
492             DYS 66     12                       12          12           12
565             DYS 67      9                        9            9             9

So here above we have several slight differences from the modal English Titus line in the four male descendants of the sons of Robert Titus. The surrogate for the John Titus line has a two allele difference at the 35th marker (CDYb), when compared to the modal set to the left. The Edmond Titus surrogate has a one allele difference at marker 4 (391). The Abiel Titus line has two separate differences, a one allele difference at each of two markers, a reading of 11 instead of 12 at marker 460, and a 16 instead of 17 at marker 570. The descendant of Content Titus strays the most from the norm, with four single allele differences at markers 449, 456, CDYa and CDYb.

A second method of subdividing the different haplogroups is accomplished through another type of genetic markers called SNPs, or “single nucleotide polymorphisms.”

In the case of the subclade of R1b that this English Titus line belongs to, named R1b1b2, there are four SNPs involved, namely M343, P25, P297 and M269. Below are the steps of evolution of R1b to R1b1b2 with the years of discovery of each SNP.

Subclade                  Y-SNP Mutations

R1b                          M343 (2004)

R1b1                         M343 (2004)       P25 (2000)

R1b1b                       M343 (2004)       P25 (2000)        P297 (2008)

R1b1b2                      M343 (2004)       P25 (2000)        P297 (2008)        M269 (2002)

The above haplogroup, or subclade, (R1b1b2) is the most common in Europe and most present-day males are members. In fact, the situation is similar to that of conventional genealogy when the surname being researched is Smith or Jones.

The haplogroup is believed to have existed before the last ice age and has been connected with the Aurignacian culture which was prominent in Europe from 21,000 years BC back through 32,000 years BC. They are famous for their cave paintings at sites including Lascaux, France, the Valley of Foz Coa in Portugal and Cueva de las Monedas in Spain.

Further references on the science and history of genetics can be found in the Bookshelf section of this site.

Bill Arthurs

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